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词汇 先发制人
释义 先发制人 xiān fā zhì rén 常用成语
基本辨析辨析谜语歇后语其它语言例句成语故事语法情感出处详细解释近义反义例句例句
gain the initiative by striking the first blow繁体先發制人近义先声夺人;先下手为强反义后发制人正音“发”,不能读作“fà”。
辨形“制”,不能写作“质”。
辨析先发制人和“先下手为强”;都有“抢先下手争取主动”的意思。但“先发制人”重在强调抢先一步制服对方;“先下手为强”重在强调抢先一步;占据优势。正音“发”,不能读作“fà”。
辨形“制”,不能写作“质”。
辨析先发制人和“先下手为强”;都有“抢先下手争取主动”的意思。但“先发制人”重在强调抢先一步制服对方;“先下手为强”重在强调抢先一步;占据优势。谜语首创者日文先さきんずれば人ひとを制せいす
法文qui prend les devants a l'avantage sur son adversaire
俄文превентивныйзахватить инициативу
德文einem Angriff zuvorkommen prǎventive Maβnahmen ergreifen剑波没等这位警长开口,便理直气壮地来个先发制人。曲波《林海雪原》三秦朝未年,为了反抗暴政,各地人民纷纷起义。其中又以陈胜和吴广率领的百姓起义声势浩大。当时有个叫殷通的会稽郡守也想趁机推翻秦朝,所以就请来当时在吴国避难的项梁和项羽叔侄俩人共商大事。
项梁和项羽在当地广结了许多知名人士和有才智的人,加上两人本身熟悉兵法,因此很受当地百姓的敬仰。项梁对殷通说:“现在各地义军纷纷起义,所以现在正是消灭秦国的最好机会,当然先起义发动的人就可以得到先机,我们应该早点起义才是。”项梁看出殷通性格胆怯,难成大事,于是就叫项羽把他杀死,并收服了他的部下。另一方面,他又不断征集人马,壮大军队,并且打出灭秦的旗号。而项羽就是后来历史上赫赫有名的“西楚霸王”连动式:作谓语;宾语;定语;状语;指主动出击;中性词。东汉 班固《汉书 项籍传》:“先发制人,后发制于人。”解释: 发:行动,发动。制:控制,制伏。《史记·项羽本纪》:“吾闻先即制人,后则为人所制。”
《汉书·项籍传》:“方今江西皆反秦,此亦天亡秦时也。先发制人,后发制于人。”
宋·邵伯温《邵氏闻见录》卷四:“虽闻虏主孱而妄弱,岂无强梁宗属,与夫谋臣策士,引先发制人之说,造此衅端?”
明·冯梦龙;清·蔡元放《东周列国志》一〇一回:“赧王已闻秦王欲通三川,意在伐周,今日伐秦,正合著《兵法》‘先发制人’之语,如何不从?”
杨绛《洗澡》二部一五章:“没有成果也不要紧,只是得先发制人,别等人家来指摘,该自己先来个批评。”

【注意】多用于作战或其他斗争;竞争的场合。——来自《商务馆小学生成语词典》

近义词 先声夺人争先恐后先下手为强
反义词 后发制人後发制人
工人们先发制人接管了工厂以阻止厂主将工厂出售。The workers took control of the factory in order to pre-empt its sale by the owners.
在会上,她不等别人批评她而总是先发制人。In meetings she always takes the offensive before she can be criticized.“在还没有出现歧视性裁员的地区内,不要采取这种先发制人措施。这会使得那些远比平等法案要求做得更好的企业受到打击”。
This preemptive strike in an area where there is no danger could undo the goodwill businesses have shown so far over the Equality Bill. yeeyan

先发制人的攻击有可能会在我们扩张的早期,因为一种文明会逐渐变为难于摧毁,因为它一直在扩张。
A preemptive strike would be particularly likely in the early phases of our expansion because a civilisation may become increasingly difficult to destroy as it continues to expand. yeeyan

柏林选择先发制人,保护国家安全。
Berlin opted to strike preemptively to preserve its security. yeeyan

发言人称,朝鲜人民军将采取“强有力的军事报复措施”,消灭叫嚣“先发制人”的韩国战争鹰派。
The Korean People's Army will also take“a strong military retaliatory step” to counter South Korea's “ preemptive strike,” the spokesman added. www.chinadaily.com.cn

过度先发制人使我们奔波于想象的未来和现实的当下。
Being overly preemptive makes us live in an imaginary future vs. in the present. yeeyan

韩国官员星期一保持相对沉默。就在24小时之前,北韩官方媒体警告说,要对韩国发动一次“强大的先发制人的攻击。”
South Korean officials kept relatively silent Monday, just24 hours after North Korea's official media warned of a “ powerful preemptive attack” against the South. ebigear

可以想象,伊朗若拥有了核力量——那看来很有可能——就不会顾及制裁的压力和以色列先发制人的军事打击威胁。
Let us assume that Iran develops a nuclear capability—an outcome that seems likely despite the imposition of sanctions and the threat by Israel of some kind of preemptive military strike. yeeyan

库珀先生做了个鬼脸,形容这是一个“先发制人的不对称货币政策”。
Tongue firmly in cheek, Mr Cooper describes this as“ pre-emptive asymmetric monetary policy”. yeeyan

如果一个小行星朝地球飞来,那么他们就会展开辩论以争取先发制人采取财政以及货币政策来消除其影响。
If an asteroid were headed for earth, they would argue for pre-emptive and aggressive fiscal and monetary policy to neutralize the impact. ecocn

试想一下一个核大国先发制人会出现什么情况。
Just think of what would happen if one nuclear power launched a preemptive on another. iciba

他希望美军编程人员与国外网络专家合作,组建一支全球性极客部队,协调一致,先发制人地发动网上攻击,防止发生现实的战争。
He'd like the US military's coders to team up with network specialists abroad to form a global geek squad. Together, they could launch preemptive online strikes to head off real-world battles. yeeyan

他预测伊朗最终会攻击伊拉克、欧洲和海湾地区,呼吁对该政权实行先发制人的军事打击,但是不要伤害伊朗人民、破坏伊朗的基础设施。
He predicted that Iran will eventually attack Israel, Europe and the Gulf and advocated a preemptive military strike against the regime but not against the Iranian people or infrastructure. yeeyan

也许算不上是最有说服力的理由来限制温室气体,但是减少排量却会是保护人类免受外星人先发制人的攻击,科学家声称。
It may not rank as the most compelling reason to curb greenhouse gases, but reducing our emissions might just save humanity from a pre-emptive alien attack, scientists claim. yeeyan

一个先发制人的财政刺激政策可能阻止这一切,并维持政府的税基。
A pre-emptive fiscal stimulus may help prevent that— and shore up the government’s tax base. yeeyan

一个挑战性的话题。他采取先发制人的战略,以免媒体把他供出来。
He says this as a preemptive way to keep the press from calling him out. yeeyan

一名已退休的巴基斯坦负责武器控制的将军费罗兹·哈桑·汗说,巴基斯坦感觉到印度先发制人带来的威胁。
Feroz Hassan Khan, a retired Pakistani general in charge of arms control, said Pakistan perceives a real risk of a preemptive strike by India. yeeyan

这些领导人发现自己置身于一个两难境地,因而会明智地选择先发制人,实现政治自由化的改革。
Such leaders find themselves between a rock and a hard place and would be wise to liberalize preemptively. yeeyan

布什对这些邪恶轴心国的政策方针是先发制人,之后一年他就付诸行动,对伊拉克发动了战争。
Bush’s policy prescription for dealing with the axis of evil was preemption, and just over a year later he put this doctrine into action by invading Iraq. yeeyan

使双方交往变得更为复杂的是双方有关威慑和先发制人的概念并不完全对称。
The interaction would be even more complicated because the notions of deterrence and preemption are not symmetrical between these two sides. yeeyan

以色列把伊朗看作是对其存在的威胁,这引起人们猜测,以色列可能会对伊朗的核设施发动先发制人的袭击。
Iran is seen as an existential threat, and that has raised speculation that Israel might launch a pre-emptive strike on Iranian nuclear facilities. kekenet
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