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To·bin 英ˈtəʊbɪn, -bən美ˈtobɪn, -bənAHDtōʹbĭn, -bən 高 基本例句 =tobin's tube,tobin's ventilator托宾式室内通风机 His high school years during the depression motivated him to study economics at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Tobin said in an essay written for the Nobel committee. 高中时期大萧条的经历,激励他在马萨诸塞州坎布里奇的哈佛大学学习经济学,这在托宾写给诺贝尔委员会的论文中提到过。 yeeyan Richard Levin, the president of Yale, said Tobin would have wanted the stimulus package to create more jobs and contain fewer tax cuts. 理查德·莱文,耶鲁大学校长说,托宾希望那种能创造更多的就业机会、包含更少的税减措施的一套刺激政策。 yeeyan When it comes to our tresses, the rarest and most expensive is natural blonde hair, says Des Tobin, a professor of cell biology at Bradford University, who has studied hair and the trade. “披肩长发中,最稀少而且最昂贵的就是天然金发。”布拉德福德大学细胞生物学教授 Des Tobin说,他专注于毛发及相关贸易的研究。 yeeyan Bernanke cited Tobin’s1969 essay on monetary theory in a2004 paper discussing options available to the Federal Reserve for stimulating the economy when interest rates approach zero. 伯南克在2004年的报告中,讨论当利率为零美联储如何选择有效的刺激经济的办法时,引用了托宾1969年的一篇货币理论的论文。 yeeyan But Tobin taxes measure up badly against that benchmark. 但托宾税与这个标准相去甚远。 ecocn Finance needs fixing, but a Tobin tax is the wrong tool for the job. 金融市场的确需要改进,但托宾税并不是一个合适的选择。 ecocn Like Keynes, Tobin was an advocate for the role of government in maintaining full employment, said James Galbraith, an economist at the University of Texas in Austin. 和凯恩斯一样,托宾是政府扮演维持充分就业角色的拥护者,詹姆斯·加尔布雷斯,奥斯汀得克萨斯大学的经济学家说。 yeeyan Most importantly, a Tobin tax would be a poor way to address finance’s biggest sins, because trading volume is a poor guide to the size, risk-taking or complexity of banks. 更重要的是,托宾税并非处理金融之恶的解决之道。因为交易量并不能很好的反映银行的规模、风险程度或是复杂程度。 ecocn Nor would a Tobin tax prevent bubbles. 托宾税同样也不能阻止泡沫。 ecocn.org Not all economists accept that Tobin’s theory of government intervention has replaced the Friedman model. 并不是所有的经济学家都接受托宾政府干预的理论取代了弗里德曼的模型。 yeeyan Opponents of the so-called Tobin tax fret that it will lead to greater market volatility and drive securities trading out of Europe. 所谓的托宾税的反对者担忧此举将引发市场更大的波动并迫使证券交易逃离欧洲。 ecocn Some three decades ago, James Tobin, the economist, first proposed introducing a tax on financial transactions to deter short-term currency speculation. 大约30年前,经济学家詹姆斯•托宾 James Tobin率先提出对金融交易征税,以遏制短期货币投机。 iciba The government has no formal position on the Tobin tax, but has stressed that any such tax would need to be truly international to be successful and not disadvantage participating countries. 政府没有对 Tobin税给出正式回应,不过强调它的征收必需是真正国际化的二不是在国家之间分担不利的部分。 yeeyan The idea was originally conceived by the American economist James Tobin as a way of “putting a little grain of sand in the currency transaction machine in order to reduce the volatility” of markets. 交易税的这个构想是由美国经济学家詹姆斯托宾提出,这个构想是想在货币交易机中放一些沙子从而减少市场的变幻莫测。 yeeyan The decision by Bernanke last year to invoke the Fed’s emergency powers and put mortgages and other assets on the central bank’s balance sheet“ is pure Tobin, ” Krugman said. 伯南克去年做了如下决定:调用美联储的紧急权力,增加央行资产负债表的抵押贷款和其他资产,克鲁格曼称这“是纯粹的托宾式做法”。 yeeyan Unless a Tobin tax were implemented worldwide, trading would move out of any country that enforced it. 除非全世界都征收托宾税,否则贸易将会从强制征收该税的国家消失。 ecocn Tobin, who died in 2002, won the1981 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his analysis of the effect of financial markets on inflation and employment. 托宾,2002年逝世,因为就金融市场对通货膨胀和就业机会的影响做出了分析,赢得了1981年诺贝尔经济科学奖。 yeeyan Tobin began teaching at Yale, in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1950, leaving in 1961 and1962 to serve on the U.S. Council of Economic Advisors under President John F. Kennedy. 1950年,托宾开始在康涅狄格州纽黑文的耶鲁大学任教,1961年离任,1962年就职于美国总统经济顾问委员会,为约翰肯尼迪总统服务。 yeeyan Tobin worried that too much efficiency would create instability in the markets as transaction costs fell, said Stiglitz. 托宾担心当交易成本下降时,速度太快会造成市场的不稳定,施蒂格利茨说。 yeeyan |