v.动词
secure, achieve, acquire, attain, earn, gain, get, obtain, win这组词的共同意思是“取得; 获得”。其区别是：
1.除secure是正式用词外,其余各词均为一般用词。
2.achieve主要指取得成功、成就或实现预期目的; acquire主要指逐渐获得知识、能力、荣誉等; attain主要指达到重要目标或获得珍贵的东西; earn凭借功劳赚得或获得工资、报酬、荣誉、赞赏等; gain主要指获得或赢得有一定价值的东西; get指以各种方式获得各种所需或不需之物; obtain指获得所需之物或达到预期目的; secure指得到渴望或竞争性的东西; win指在竞争、比赛、争论或战斗中击败对手而赢得胜利或获得人们的爱戴〔好感〕等。
3.achieve指克服困难之后而获得; acquire, attain, earn指通过努力而获得; gain指通过巨大努力而获得; obtain多指通过长期努力而获得,有时也指无须经过努力; 其他各词不强调通过努力与否; get可指通过各种方式获得; earn还指凭借功劳而赚得; win还指通过作出优异成绩而赢得。
4.achieve强调结果; acquire强调量的增加; attain含有达到完美地步的意味; gain强调所获得之物能够造成的优势; obtain强调愿望得到满足; secure强调有把握或成功地获得。
5.get是这组同义词中的最常用词,可指主动争取,也可指被动接受,有时不一定需要很大努力就能获得; acquire指持续,慢慢地获得,强调过程; 而earn, gain都强调经过艰苦努力而获得的这一结果, gain比obtain所付出的努力还要大些; win则指在竞赛中或战斗中赢得或获得胜利,可以通过努力获得,也可以偶然获得。例如:
He did not get what he had earned.他未获得他应得到的东西。
The ability to use a language can be acquired by the act of using the language.运用语言的能力,只能通过不断练习才能获得。
She gained rich experience in teaching.她获得了丰富的教学经验。
I've got your telegram.我已经收到了你的电报。
We wished to obtain first-hand information.我们要能得到第一手情报就好了。
Industry won him his success.勤奋使他获得了成功。6.acquire的宾语多为知识、技能等; earn的宾语多为金钱、荣誉等理应得到的东西; obtain的宾语多为期望已久的东西; gain的宾语多为经验、利益、优势、好处等; 而win的宾语则为比赛、战斗等; get的宾语则比较广泛,即既可以是具体的东西,也可以是抽象的事物。例如:
He got what he had earned.他获得了他应得到的东西。
You must work hard to acquire good knowledge of English.你要用功,以便精通英语。
Our firm has gained a good reputation.我们公司赢得了好名声。
Then I'll go and get you a chair.我去给你拿把椅子来。
At last, he obtained his father's pardon.他终于得到了父亲的原谅。
They won the basketball match.他们打赢了这场篮球赛。7.这组动词都可跟简单宾语。get, earn, gain, obtain, secure和win可跟双宾语; secure还可跟wh-从句; win还可跟含不定式的复合宾语。此外, gain和win有时还可用作不及物动词。acquire和attain常跟抽象名词。
8.attain常用于庄重场合。win语气比gain强。
secure, assure, ensure, insure这组词的共同意思是“保证”。其区别是：
ensure强调使人确信某个行为或力量产生的后果; insure指保险公司对于财产、货物或人身安全的保险; assure通常指消除某人思想上的怀疑或担心; secure指采取使人感到安全、安心或可靠的行动。
acquire，obtain，gain，get，win，earn，secure这些动词均含“获得、取得、得到”之意。
acquire强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。书面语用词。
obtain较正式用词，着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。
gain侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。
get普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。
win主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。
earn侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价与有功而获得。
secure强调要通过努力或竞争，或需要付出代价才能获得所渴望的东西。
safe，secure这两个形容词均可表示“安全的”之意。
safe主要指人或物未受危险或损害。
secure着重指由于环境等因素而使人产生的安全感，含可以不必担心或害怕的意味。
16世纪30年代进入英语，直接源自古典拉丁语的securus，意为免于担心和忧虑。
用作形容词 adj.
动词+～feel secure感到安全～+介词secure about对…放心secure against〔from〕免受…侵害等的secure in在…方面牢固的secure of有信心,认为…靠得住用作动词 v.～+名词secure end达到目的secure sb's reputation维护某人的声望secure the windows关紧窗户～+副词secure blamelessly无过错地获得secure conditionally有条件地获得secure effectually有效地获得secure eventually最终获得secure fortunately幸运地获得secure legitimately合法地获得secure privately秘密地获得secure promptly迅速握紧secure questionably可疑地获得secure triumphantly胜利地获得～+介词secure against使…免受secure oneself against accidents投保人身意外险secure borders against attack保证边界不受攻击secure against loss防止损失secure the village against floods使村庄免受水灾secure a harbour against waves使港口免受浪潮冲击secure from使…免受secure the house from burglary保护房屋以免遭窃secure from loss防止损失
用作动词v.
secure against〔from〕 v.+prep.
保护…使免于 make (sth safe from a danger)
secure sb/oneself/sth against〔from〕 sthExtra men are needed to secure the camp against attack.需要增加兵力以保护兵营免受攻击。
You cannot secure yourself against all risks and dangers.人有旦夕祸福,天有不测风云。
By strengthening the embankments they secured the village from floods.他们加固河堤,目的是让村子免受洪水之灾。近义词 shelteredadj defended反义词 unsafeadj insecure
用作形容词adj.
用作定语
～+ n.That is a secure foothold.那是一可靠的落脚点。
This is a secure hiding place.这是一个安全的藏身之处。
用作表语
S+be+～Foreign tourists feel happily secure while visiting the city.外国游客访问这个城市时都很有安全感。
His shackles were secure.他的镣铐紧锁着。
Your future in the company is secure.你在公司的前途有保证。S+be+～+ prep. -phraseYou are secure from danger here.你在这里不用担心危险。
We are secure of victory.我们确信会胜利。
用作宾语补足语
S+V+O+～Make the windows secure before leaving the house.出门之前把窗户关紧。用作动词v.
用作及物动词
S+～+ n./pron.Secure the prisoner so that he won't escape again.拴牢那个囚犯以免他再逃掉。
Secure all the doors and windows before leaving the house.离家前,关好所有的门窗。
The novel secured her reputation.小说维护了她的声望。
They made new investment to secure the company's future.为使公司的前途得到保障,他们作了新的投资。
The regiment secured its position while awaiting the enemy attack.该团在等待敌人进攻之时,加强了阵地工事。
He secured only 526 votes.他只获得526票。
He secured a debt by mortgage.他用抵押取得了一笔贷款。
I have at least secured a house.我至少已得到了一幢房子。
She has secured a good job.她已获得一份好工作。
He's managed to secure the release of the hostages.他设法使人质获得了释放。
We have secured a first class cook.我们已经请到了一位第一流的厨师。
The door is secured with bolts.那扇门已闩牢了。
No one is safe until the murderer is secured.不抓到杀人犯,人人不得安宁。S+～+that-clauseHe will secure that there shall be no difficulty.他将保证不再出现任何困难。S+～+wh-clauseHow do you secure what you want?你怎样把你想要的东西搞到手的?
用作双宾动词
S+～+ pron./n. + n./pron.Can you secure me two good seats for the concert?你能为我弄到两张音乐会的好票吗?
His services secured him a reward at length.他的服务终于使他获得了报偿。S+～+ n./pron. +for pron./n.Please secure a ticket for me.请替我弄张票。
Will you secure a seat for me?给我搞一个座位好吗?
First she secured a good location for her new business.她先为她的新商号弄到了一个好地点。
v.动词
secure的基本意思是“握紧”“关牢”,指关紧某物使其牢固,常用于某些可能丢失或逃脱的人或物,引申可表示“使安全”,还可表示“使获得”“把…搞到手”。
secure只用作及物动词,可接名词、代词、that从句或疑问词从句作宾语,还可接双宾语,其间接宾语可转化为介词for的宾语。可用于被动结构。
secure常与介词against〔from〕连用表示“保护…使免于”。
动词61%,形容词37%,名词2%