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词汇 principial
释义 prin·cip·i·al 英'prɪnsəpəl美'prɪnsəpl
基本双解英英辨析词源搭配近义反义句型用法例句
adj.主要的¹⁷;首要的³n.本金¹¹;资本³;校长⁵⁴;主角³;委托人;主犯³副词principally名词principalship
adj.形容词
A最重要的,主要的

highest in importance or position; main; chief


n.名词
C负责人,校长

the head of some universities, colleges and schools

S资本,本金

an amount of money lent, put into a business, etc. and on which interest is paid

P被代理人,委托人

person for whom another acts as his agent

C主犯

person directly responsible for a crime


Noun:
the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculatedthe educator who has executive authority for a school;

she sent unruly pupils to see the principal

an actor who plays a principal rolecapital as contrasted with the income derived from itcriminal law any person involved in a criminal offense, regardless of whether the person profits from such involvementthe major party to a financial transaction at a stock exchange; buys and sells for his own account
Adjective:
most important element;

the chief aim of living

the main doors were of solid glass

the principal rivers of America

the principal example

policemen were primary targets

the master bedroom

a master switch


adj.形容词
principal, capital, chief, main

这组词均可表示“首要的”“重要的”。其区别在于:

1.capital, principal和chief既可修饰人,也可修饰物, main多修饰物,很少修饰人。例如:

He acted the principal hero in the play.他在那出戏中演主角。
It is allowed that pronunciation is one of the principal things in English.大家都认为发音是英语的一个重要方面。

We must focus on our sales force as the chief means of improving trade. 我们必须集中精力把广开销路作为促进贸易的主要手段来抓。

The chief cadres in charge should bear greater responsibility. 主要负责干部要多承担一些责任。

The annex has been built on to the main building.主楼配建有附属的建筑物。

2.capital指“一流的”,但不是“第一的”; chief指物时是“最重要的”,指人时是“职位最高的”; main和principal既可指“一流的”,也可指“第一的”。例如:

The trade union chief comrade boiled over when the men voted against him.那位工会首领在工人投他反对票时大发雷霆。
n.名词
principal, director, headmaster, president, schoolmaster

这组名词的共同意思是“校长”,但用于不同的学校要用不同的词:principal通常指中学校长,也可指小学校长或大学院长; headmaster指普通小学或中学的男性校长,在美国尤指私立学校的校长; director不仅指学校的校长,还可指各组织机构、团体等的负责人,如处长、局长、主任、厂长等; schoolmaster指小学、中学等一般学校的教师或校长; president指大学校长。例如:

The school principal announced the honor roll list.校长宣布了优等生名单。
Our headmaster is an old man.我们的校长是一位老人。
He is the director of the research center.他是研究中心的主任。
John is the schoolmaster of that secondary school.约翰是那所中学的校长。
He was the president of Harvard University.他是哈佛大学的校长。chief,principal,main,major,leading,capital,foremost,primary

这些形容词均含有“首要的,主要的”之意。

chief指人时,表同类中职位最高,权力最大;指物时,表同类中最重要,价值最高。

principal用于人时,指地位优于其他人;用于物时,指该物在大小、重要性等方面优于他物。

main通常只用于物。指在一定范围内,某物的重要性、体积或力量等超过其它物。

major指同其他人或其它物、问题等相比较,显得更加重要和突出。

leading侧重指具有影响力或凝聚力。从而有主导和引导的作用。

capital着重指因重要性、意义、优越或重大而名列同类之首。

foremost侧重指在行进或发展过程中居首位。

primary通常不用于人。用于物时,指在重要性方面占第一位。

13世纪晚期进入英语,直接源自古法语的principal;最初源自拉丁语的principalis,意为主要的,占据主导的。
用作形容词 adj.
~+名词principal food主要食物principal interest本利principal offender主犯principal sum本金用作名词 n.动词+~consult the principal与委托人商量pay off the principal and interest付清本息名词+~school principal校长介词+~as a principal作为主犯~+介词principal in the first degree主犯the principal of college学院院长
近义词 mainchieffirstheadmasteradj. capitalprimaryn. dean反义词 minoradj. least
用作形容词adj.
用作定语
~+ n.Drinking is a principal cause of highway deaths.酗酒是公路死亡事故的最重要的原因。
She has been the principal dancer in our ballet for ten years.十年来她一直是我们芭蕾舞团的台柱演员。用作名词n.He is the principal of this school.他是该学校的校长。
There is a shortage of principal.资金有些短缺。
I must consult my principals.我得同委托人商量一下。
adj.形容词

principal用作形容词的意思是“最重要的,主要的,首要的”,用于人时指其起的作用最大,而不指职位最高; 用于物时,指其在重要性上优于他物,起决定作用。

principal无比较级和最高级形式。

principal同principle的比较:两者的发音相同。principal作为形容词时,意思为“主要的”“最重要的”。 principal作为名词时意为“校长”。 而principle的意思为“科学定律或者是到个规范”。What's your principal reason for wanting to be a writer?If you want to leave early you'll have to ask the Principal.He's a boy with very strong principles.

principal作为校长时,各地区用法不尽相同:在英国常表示牛津(Oxford)和剑桥(Cambridge)大学的若干学院(college)的院长,或是若干大学的校长。在美国仅仅只是表示中学或小学校长。而在苏格兰表示的是大学校长。


形容词62%,名词38%
用作名词Indeed I was the principal in the crime.我真正做了这个罪恶的主犯。
Shall I work underground, bribing the paltry assistants in that foul conspiracy, until I find my way to the thrice guilty principal?我要不要秘密进行追究,贿赂那肮脏密谋中的可鄙助手,直至我找到线索挖出那三倍有罪的主犯?
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