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pre·sume 英prɪˈzuːm美prɪˈzumAHDprĭ-z›mʹ ★★☆☆☆高四六研ＧＩＭＴ宝６八COCA⁸⁰⁴⁵BNC¹²²⁷⁴iWeb⁷⁴⁹²Economist²⁶⁷⁷⁸⁺⁵
基本双解英英辨析词源搭配短语记法近义反义句型派生词用法例句Thesaurus例句
vt.假定⁴⁰;推测³⁶;姑且认定⁴;认为是理所当然⁴vi.越权行事⁴;利用¹²副词presumedly名词presumer过去分词presumed现在分词presuming三单presumes
假设逻辑确定，决定
v.动词
vt. & vi. 以为; 假定take for granted; suppose to be true vt. & vi. 冒昧; 错用take the liberty; make a wrong use of
Verb:
take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof;I assume his train was late take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission;How dare you call my lawyer? constitute reasonable evidence for;A restaurant bill presumes the consumption of food take liberties or act with too much confidence
v.动词
presume, assume, suppose这组词都近于汉语的“假定”或“猜想”。其区别是： assume含有比较强烈的武断成分,往往意味着把一件尚未证实或尚存在意见分歧的事作为自己论断的基础。presume表示以过去经验作根据或者是合乎逻辑地推测,一般是有充分的理由,虽然结论仍可能是错误的。suppose意义比较广泛不定,有时仅用于陈述自己的意见,等于“想”,有时表示有一定的根据的“猜想”,没有上面两个词所强调的意味。 assume，presume，suppose，guess，postulate这些动词均含为“假设，猜想，推测”之意。 assume指有很少或完全无根据的武断推测或不合逻辑的推理。 presume侧重以过去经验或根据现实的某些感觉把某事认定为是事实。 suppose常用词，意义较广泛，指缺乏确切事实，根据一些现象进行的推测，也可指为论证而提出合乎逻辑推理的某种假定，有时仅表示自己的意见。 guess常用词，指毫无根据仅凭个人主观臆断或碰运气的猜测。 postulate指为证实一个理论的正确性而进行的假设。 pre-,在前，早于，预先，-sum,承担，认为，词源同assume,resume.引申词义假设，假定等。
用作动词 v.
～+副词presume too much想得太多presume arrogantly傲慢地以为presume boldly大胆地假定presume fairly完全以为presume insistently坚持认为presume insolently傲慢地以为～+介词presume from从…中认为presume on不正当地利用〔滥用〕,指望presume on sb's kindness利用某人的好心presume on one's position利用某人的职权presume upon不正当地利用〔滥用〕,指望presume upon sb's tolerance指望某人的宽恕
用作动词v.
presume on〔upon〕 v.+prep.
〈正〉不正当地利用〔滥用〕; 指望 take improper advantage of; look forward to presume on〔upon〕 sthTake care that you don't presume on my feelings.注意不要滥用我的感情。
He presumes on his strength.他自恃力气大。
We mustn't presume too much upon the reliability of such sources.我们不应过分指望这类消息来源的可靠性。
Her good nature can be presumed upon once too often.不妨再利用一次她那善良的天性。钱博士pre提前+sum拿起+e→提前拿起⇒假定，假设，推测，想当然地以为在有确凿证据前“拿起”观点；擅自行动在得到他人许可前“拿起”行动
词根sum-拿起，采取来自拉丁语，由前缀sub-从下往上和动词词根em-拿组成，字面意思就是“从下往上拿起来”。它的过去分词形式是sumpt-，加了一个过去分词后缀t，并在m后面多加了一个字母p以便发音。方振宇词汇奥秘pre前，预先+sume拿→拿出来之前预先的想法→以为，假定
衍生词presume+able…的→虽然是假定的，但也是有可能被推测出来的→presumableadj.可推测的pre提前+sum拿起+e→提前拿起⇒假定，假设，推测，想当然地以为在有确凿证据前“拿起”观点；擅自行动在得到他人许可前“拿起”行动。词根记忆pre预先+ sum结论+ e → 预先下结论 ⇒假定词根记忆pre预先＋sum结论＋e→预先下的结论→假定词根记忆pre预先+sum+e=预先拿往=假定近义词 dare敢hold拿着guess推测infer推断think认为imply暗示posit假定assume假定deduce演绎imagine想像suppose假设surmise推测believe相信conceive设想postulate假定conclude推断出fancy华丽装饰的venture冒险事业presuppose预先假定make bold敢于, 冒昧take for granted想当然
用作动词v.
用作不及物动词
S+～+AA servant ought not to presume.仆人不可擅自行事。
You always presume too much.你总是想得太多。
用作及物动词
S+～+ n./pron.You had better presume no such thing.你最好不要这样设想。
An answer, by its nature, presumes a question.答案本身就意味着问题的存在。S+～+to- vWe presume to get in all the crops by the end of this month.我们拟定在月底收完庄稼。
May I presume to advise you?我可以向你进一言吗?
I won't presume to trouble you.我不敢麻烦你。
Don't presume to order people about.不要瞎指挥。
I know my place and I wouldn't presume to tell an expert how to do his job.我知道我的地位,我不会冒昧的去指挥一个行家的工作。S+～+that-clauseWe must presume they are innocent.我们必须假定他们是无罪的。
I presume that someone is presuming a joke.我猜是有人在开玩笑。
Haas didn't say when he would return, but I presume he'll be back for dinner.哈斯没有说他何时回来,但我想他会回来吃晚饭。
用作宾补动词
S+～+ n./pron. +to be adj.They presumed him innocent.他们都认为他是清白的。
Almost everybody presumed the story true.绝大多数人以为那个传闻是可靠的。
If a person is missing for seven years, he is presumed dead.假如一个人失踪七年,即看作已经死亡。Ppresumeda.假定的推测的Ppresumedlyad.据推测大概Ppresumern.冒味的人放肆的人假定者设想的人
v.动词
presume的基本意思是“以为”“假定”,表示猜测、推测,多指认为是当然的事在被反证之前一直叫人相信。可用于有经验证明或从已知事实经逻辑推理而得出的。用于第一人称时多表示“冒昧地做…”,为客套用语。 presume既可用作不及物动词,也可用作及物动词。用作及物动词时,可接名词、代词、动词不定式或that从句作宾语,还可接以“to be+ adj. ”充当补足语的复合宾语。可用于被动结构。 presume用作不及物动词时,常与on〔upon〕连用表示“不正当地利用〔滥用〕”“指望”。
动词87%,名词13%
用作及物动词The lawpresumesinnocence until guilt is proved.在罪状未证实前，法律假定被告无罪。
Wepresumethat the factory has been fully engaged.我们推测工厂的生产已经满负荷了。
That's the new assistant, Ipresume.我想那就是新来的助理
Ipresumethat this is your final answer.我认为这就是你最后的答复。
A signed invoicepresumesreceipt of the shipment.经过签字的发票表示货物已经收到。用作不及物动词May Ipresumeto advise you?我可以冒昧向你进一言吗？
I didn'tpresumeto interpret it.我不敢对这一点妄加解释。
He used topresumeupon his position.他一向滥用职权。verb.make assumption;believe
同义词 assume,count on,guess,infer,pretend,suppose,surmiseconclude,conjecture,consider,depend,figure,gather,posit,postulate,predicate,premise,presuppose,rely,speculate,think,trustbank on,be afraid,jump the gun,take for granted,take it
反义词 calculate,disbelieve,doubt,measure,disregard,distrust,forget,ignore,neglectabstainverb.dare;take the liberty
同义词 impose,infringe,intrude,undertake,venturego so far,have the audacity,make bold
反义词 abstain,disbelieve
arrogateverb claim without justification
accroach,appropriate,assume,commandeer,confiscate,demand,expropriate,preempt,seize,take,usurp
assumeverb believe, take for granted
accept,ascertain,be afraid,be inclined to think,conclude,conjecture,consider,count upon,deduce,deem,divine,estimate,expect,fall for,fancy,find,gather,get the idea,guess,have a hunch,have sneaking suspicion,hypothesize,imagine,infer,judge,posit,postulate,predicate,presume,presuppose,speculate,suppose,surmise,suspect,theorize,think,understand
assumesverb believe, take for granted
accepts,ascertains,concludes,conjectures,considers,counts upon,deduces,deems,divines,estimates,expects,falls for,fancies,finds,gathers,gets the idea,guesses,has a hunch,have sneaks suspicion,hypothesizes,imagines,infers,is afraid,is inclined to thinks,judges,posits,postulates,predicates,presumes,presupposes,speculates,supposes,surmises,suspects,theorizes,thinks,understands
believeverb assume or suppose
conjecture,consider,credit,deem,expect,feel,gather,guess,hold,imagine,judge,maintain,postulate,presume,reckon,sense,speculate,suppose,suspect,take,think,understand
believesverb assume or suppose
accepts,accredits,admits,affirms,attaches weight to,be convinces of,buys,conceives,concludes,considers,counts on,credits,deems,falls for,gives credence to,has,has faith in,has no doubt,holds,is certain of,is credulous,is of the opinion,keeps the faith,laps up,place confidence in,posits,postulates,presumes true,presupposes,reckons on,regards,rest assures,supposes,swallows,swears by,takes as gospel,takes at one's word,takes for grants,takes it,thinks,trusts,understands
concludeverb decide, deduce
add up to,adjudge,analyze,assume,be afraid,boil down to,collect,derive,draw,figure,gather,have a hunch,infer,intuit,judge,make,make out,presume,ratiocinate,reason,reckon,sum up,suppose,surmise,the way one sees it America did not presume to know what was best for everyone.
不能擅自认为自己知道什么对别人是最好的。 ecocn
Because I was arrested at Piombino, and I presume that, like Milan and Florence, Piombino has become the capital of some French department.
因为我是在皮昂比诺被捕的，而据我推测，象梅朗和佛罗伦萨一样，皮昂比诺已成为法国所属的省会了。 ebigear
Broadly speaking, it's a fallacy to presume that all of evolution's products are intelligently designed.
从广义上说，认为一切进化后的产物都经过了精心的设计是人们的谬论。 bbs.chinadaily.com.cn
But if that outshines the populist power of a Geert Wilders, I myself would not presume to say.
但要说只盖过了一个威尔德斯的民粹力量，那连我自己都不会相信。 yeeyan
But with the hindsight of30 years in politics, he added: “It is dangerous to presume closeness to people in power, and it is very rare when there are real, unbreakable friendships.”
但是根据在政治圈摸爬滚打30余年的后见之明，他补充道：“擅自推测你与权贵的亲密程度是非常危险的，真正的、牢不可破的友情很少存在。” yeeyan
I hope I am correct to presume that you have merely been delayed in repaying me.
我猜你只是延缓还我钱，希望我的猜测是正确的。 jukuu
I suggest one needs to appeal to artistic intentions or what we presume to be the artist intentions to some extent in weeding out which interpretation of a work of art is too far- fetched.
我认为，我们应该在某种程度上诉诸艺术家的意图或者我们假定的艺术家的意图以排除那些太过牵强的解读。 yeeyan
I presume that none of you have that belief.
我假定你们中没有人有那个信念。163
I presume that some portion of my cost is tied to the health and behavior of my workers.
我推测我们的一部分花费必定与我们的健康以及员工行为息息相关。 yeeyan
I presume the job creation story has something to do with fiscal stimulus aimed at subsidising work- sharing.
我假定就业机会的增加和以补助工作分担计划为目的的财政刺激方案有一定联系。 ecocn
I presume you have all seen it.
我相信你们都看到了。163
I presume you will approve of the plan.
我相信你会支持这个计划。 hjenglish
If you were fired for misconduct you may not be eligible, but, don't presume that is the case.
如果因为渎职被炒你可能拿不了失业保险，但是不要自己假定情况如何。 hjenglish
Most test approaches presume that users are trying to use the program to help them get some work done.
大多数测试方法都假定用户设法使用程序来帮助他们完成一些工作。 ibm
Now let me be clear: America cannot and should not seek to impose any system of government on any other country, nor would we presume to choose which party or individual should run a country.
但让我明确这一点：美国不能够也不应该谋求将任何政府体制强加于任何国家；我们也不会擅自认为应该由哪个政党或个人主管国家。 putclub
The rules presume a right to nearly anything in the other party's possession that might conceivably be relevant.
这些规则意味着一方拥有的所有可能是相关的信息都必须双方共享。 ecocn
The woman, we presume, had kept an archive of her barenakedness in her phone. You never know when you're going to have a nude photograph emergency.
我们推测，这名女子把她的裸照存在手机里。你将不知什么时候你会遇到裸照风波。 yeeyan
While you might presume that those with a gay family member were the most open to gay marriage, Powell says that people with gay friends are more likely to be swayed.
你可能会推测到那些有一个同性恋家人的人最包容同性恋婚姻，鲍威尔说有同性恋朋友的人更有可能被动摇。 yeeyan
With the glances she was throwing at their adopted children, I would presume the reason was jealousy.
鉴于她向那些被领养的孩子投去的眼神，我可以推测出，一切源于嫉妒。 putclub
Yet Ms. Law also said fire officials should not presume that what might keep a forest from burning will enhance it as a carbon asset.
当然 Law女士也说，消防部门不能假定防止森林起火就能增强它作为碳源的作用。 yeeyan |