| 释义 |
hood·lum 英ˈhuːdləm, ˈhʊd-美ˈhudləm, ˈhʊd-AHDh›dʹləm, h‹dʹ- ☆☆☆☆☆高ＧCOCA³⁸⁵³¹BNC⁸⁶⁶⁶⁰⁺⁹iWeb³⁷²⁸⁴
基本英英词源近义反义例句Thesaurus例句
n.流氓⁴¹;暴徒⁵⁹复数hoodlums名词hoodlumism
Noun:
an aggressive and violent young criminal该词原系美语，以后通过匪盗影片进入了英国英语。关于其来历，说法有二。
据传，南北战争1861 - 1865结束后不久，旧金山有位记者撰写了一篇关于当地少年犯罪者的报道。由于害怕报复他避免指名道姓，文中有意将流氓头子的名字Muldoon倒拼成Noodlum，排宇工人却把它误排为Hoodlum。文章上报后，加利福尼亚人就把那个城市的年轻无赖称作the San Francisco hoodlums。这个误排的词便这样成为英语的一分子，用以泛指“年轻无赖”、“小阿飞”等。
1935年J．T. Krumpelmann博士在《现代语言笔录》Modern Language Notes提出另一种解释，认为hoodlum一词源于德语巴伐利亚方言中意为“无赣”的Hodalum一词。在19世纪60年代至70年代旧金山已有不少德国移民，该德语方言词正当此时传人美国，并逐渐讹变为hoodlum，成为众多表示“流氓”、“阿飞”、“恶棍”的英语词群中的一员。
hooligan小流氓，阿飞
据《牛津英语词典》，该词始见于1898午夏天各家日报上刊载的治安法庭报告。关于它的由来，英国语言学家、辞书编纂家帕特里奇Eric Partridge，1894 - 1979在他编的僵语词典中肯定了Clarence Rook所写Hooligan Nights 1899一书坚持的看法。Clarence Rook认为，意为“小流氓”或“阿飞”的hooligan源出一个流氓恶棍的姓氏。此人名叫Patrick Hooligan，是19世纪末居住在伦敦Southwark区一说Larn beth区的一个爱尔兰恶步。他纠合一伙流氓阿飞，惹事生非，横行乡里。在当时许多警察的记事簿上都可以看到Hooligan gangHooligan一帮人这样的字眼。据说他一家子都是流氓恶棍。后来俄语从英语借用了hooligan 一词，据说是19世纪末曾在伦敦住过的俄国皇太子将它带回俄国的。近义词 thug暴徒hood头巾goon打手ruffian恶棍tough强硬的rowdy吵闹的gangster匪徒criminal罪犯hooligan小流氓lawbreaker犯法者strong-armer暴徒YOB 粗俗的年轻人…punk阿飞toughie难题mobster盗匪犯罪集团一员…
名词100%
用作名词Thehoodlumstabbed at me with a dagger.小流氓用匕首向我刺来。
He is a well-knownhoodlumin this neighborhood, always bullying others.他是这边有名的混子，经常欺负人。
Thehoodlummenaced the local merchants .盗匪威胁着当地商人。
If I was ahoodlumI could hit you on the head.如果我是强盗的话,我可以猛击你的头。noun.crook
同义词 criminal,delinquent,gangster,goon,hooligan,mobster,punk,ruffian,thugbully,gorilla,rowdylarrikin
bad guynoun villainous or criminal person
antagonist,antihero,bad actor,bad person,baddie,baddy,cad,con,convict,criminal,crook,felon,gangster,gunman,knave,lawbreaker,malefactor,miscreant,offender,reprobate,robber,rogue,ruffian,scoundrel,thief,villain,wrongdoer
criminalnoun person who breaks the law
bad actor,bad guy,bad person,baddie,baddy,black marketeer,blackmailer,con,convict,crook,culprit,delinquent,desperado,deuce,evildoer,ex-con,felon,fugitive,gangster,guerilla,heavy,hood,hoodlum,hooligan,hustler,inside person,jailbird,lawbreaker,malefactor,mobster,mug,muscle,offender,outlaw,racketeer,repeater,scofflaw,sinner,slippery eel,thug,transgressor,trespasser,wrongdoer,yardbird
delinquentnoun criminal, often young
JD,black sheep,blackguard,culprit,dawdler,deadbeat,deadhead,debtor,defaulter,derelict,desperado,evader,fallen angel,felon,hoodlum,jailbird,juvenile delinquent,juvie,lawbreaker,loafer,lounger,malefactor,miscreant,neglecter,offender,outlaw,punk,recreant,reprobate,sinner,wrongdoer,young offender
desperadonoun criminal
bandit,convict,cutthroat,gangster,hoodlum,lawbreaker,mugger,outlaw,ruffian,thug
gangsternoun person involved in illegal activities
bandit,bruiser,criminal,crook,dealer,desperado,goon,hit person,hood,hoodlum,hooligan,mafioso,member of the family,mobster,pusher,racketeer,robber,ruffian,soldier,thug,tough
juvenile delinquentnoun young criminal
JD,criminal,delinquent,first offender,gangbanger,gangster,goon,hood,hoodlum,hooligan,punk,punk kid,rowdy,ruffian,thug,troublemaker,youthful offender One day, the dragonet runs into a man to rescue a woman and the hoodlum attacks brutally, thought that on this person of body has the Buddha reason, then goes forward with its acquaintance.
一天，小龙遇到一男子为救一弱女子与流氓大打出手，认为这人身上有佛缘，便上前与其相识。262s |