Adjective:
providing no shelter or sustenance;bare rocky hills
barren lands
the bleak treeless regions of the high Andes
the desolate surface of the moon
a stark landscape
crushed by grief;depressed and desolate of soul
a low desolate wail
Verb:
leave someone who needs or counts on you; leave in the lurch;The mother deserted her children
reduce in population;The epidemic depopulated the countryside
cause extensive destruction or ruin utterly;The enemy lay waste to the countryside after the invasion
lonely，alone，desolate，lone，solitary这些形容词均有“孤单的，寂寞的”之意。
lonely强调孤独感，含“渴望和他人在一起”的意味。
alone普通用词，指独自一人的状态，有时含孤寂之意。
desolate语气强烈，强调遭受损失和失去亲人所带来的难以忍受的痛苦。
lone较文雅，可与lonely换用。
solitary可指因被遗忘或遗弃而产生的孤独感，也可指人的生性孤僻。
近义词 void空的empty空的waste废物desert沙漠bare赤裸的ravage毁坏lone孤单的bleak萧瑟的scourge灾难stark严酷的abandon放弃forsake放弃alone单独的gloomy阴暗的dismal阴沉的barren贫瘠的vacant空虚的dreary沉闷的forlorn孤独的austere简朴的devastate毁坏deserted废弃的isolated孤立的solitary孤独的unhappy不快乐的miserable痛苦的depressed沮丧的forbidding可怕的lay waste to糟蹋abandoned被抛弃的depressing令人沮丧的depopulate使人口减少uninhabited无人居住的lonely寂寞的，孤独的…inconsolable无法安慰的反义词 happy高兴的joyful愉快的cheerful高兴的
用作形容词adj.
用作定语
～+ n.Surf booms upon a desolate shore.波浪轰隆隆地拍打着荒凉的海岸。
用作表语
S+be+～He has been desolate since his wife died.自从妻子去世后，他一直很孤独。用作动词v.
用作及物动词
S+ ～+n./pron.War has desolated that city.战争毁坏了那个城市。
Her death desolated him.她的死使他很痛苦。
形容词100%
用作形容词We saw few houses in thedesolatevalley.在这荒凉的山谷里,我们很少见到房子。
The railway station becamedesolatein the war.战争期间，这个火车站变得荒凉了。
Heavy rain will wash away the soil fromdesolatehills.大雨将把泥土从荒凉的山丘上冲走。
This place isdesolateof all vegetation.这个地方不长草木。
They planted grass seed on thedesolatehills.他们在那些荒芜的山丘上撒播草籽。
I felt sodesolateand so angry.我感到异常孤愤。
He has beendesolatesince his wife died.自从妻子去世后, 他一直很孤独。